Mohammad Ali Zazooli; Jamshid Yazdani; Mohsen Khanbabaee
Abstract
Background and purpose:The bulk of the waste of our country is considered to be corrupt.Compost is the best option for managing this waste component.That's why a lot of compost industries have been built in the country.Produced fertilizer compost should be in accordance with standards,so that it can ...
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Background and purpose:The bulk of the waste of our country is considered to be corrupt.Compost is the best option for managing this waste component.That's why a lot of compost industries have been built in the country.Produced fertilizer compost should be in accordance with standards,so that it can be used to improve soil quality;Therefore,the purpose of this study was to study the physical,chemical and biological properties of compost manure produced by compost industries in Mazandaran,Golestan and Guilan provinces in 2016 and compare them with standards. Materials and methods:This study is a descriptive-analytic study.Sampling and analysis of physical,chemical and biological parameters; Once a month during the 3 months of spring.Data were analyzed using SPSS16 statistical software. Results:The results showed that pH, particulate matter, phosphorus,percentage of foreign matter and heavy metals in Babol,Rasht and Aq Qala samplers were lower than standard standards of Iran,WHO and Guttos theory.In terms of moisture and C/N it is compost grade 2.For example,in terms of carbon dioxide,organic matter and nitrogen are in the compass grade I and Iran's Gotthes theory and are acceptable.In terms of fecal coliforms and Salmonella in Class A, it is considered to be in Class B leech seed. Conclusion:This study showed that the quality of compost produced is in grade 2 and therefore, in order to achieve grade 1 compost,measures such as separation at source and more principled utilization of the fertilization process are needed.
Sayede Samane Taheri Otaghsara; Mohammad Ali Zazouli; Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzade; Shahram Eslami; Yahya Esfandiari
Abstract
Background and purpose: High concentration of nitrate in drinking water can be detrimental to health. It can be reduced to nitrite in children Stomach and lead the methemoglobinemia. Therefore, the removal of nitrate from polluted water is necessary. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness ...
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Background and purpose: High concentration of nitrate in drinking water can be detrimental to health. It can be reduced to nitrite in children Stomach and lead the methemoglobinemia. Therefore, the removal of nitrate from polluted water is necessary. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of walnut shell adsorbent in removing nitrates from aqueous solutions. Materials and methods: This experimental study was conducted in a batch laboratory scale. The walnut shell were collected and burned in the furnace at 700 סC in 1 hours and sieved in 20 -100 mesh. The optimum values of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and and the different concentrations of nitrate were experimented in lab scale conditions were determined. The nitrate concentration was measured in wavelength of 220 and 275 nm by spectrophotometer. Also pHpzc of absorbent have been evaluated. Results: The results showed that optimum pH was 9 so that by increasing and decreasing optimum pH, removal efficiency increase and decrease. The removal efficiency Increased until 120 minutes, but after 120 minutes the percentage of removal was reduced Increasing of adsorbent dosage and the different concentrations of nitrate cause the increase and decrease of adsorbtion respectively. At optimal conditions, nitrate removal efficiency was 78% Conclusion: The result of the present study shows that walnut shell can be used as an effective and cheap adsorbent for nitrate removal and the process is more efficient at Alkaline pH .